Crisis Overview
Since 2007, Kokomo's municipal water supply has been contaminated with chlorinated solvents and arsenic, affecting approximately 55,000 residents. This ongoing environmental crisis has been designated as an EPA Superfund site.
The Discovery
The Kokomo Groundwater Plume represents one of the most significant water contamination crises affecting a mid-sized American city. From 2007 through 2010, the Indiana American Water Company detected chlorinated solvents in the untreated water supply during routine testing, marking the beginning of what would become a long-term environmental and public health crisis.
Chlorinated solvents are manufactured chemicals widely used for dry cleaning of fabrics and as solvents used to clean machinery and electronic parts. When these chemicals enter groundwater systems, they can persist for decades and pose serious health risks to exposed populations.
The Contamination
The contamination is centered at the intersection of S. Elizabeth St. and E. Vaile Ave in Kokomo, Indiana. However, the groundwater plume extends beyond this central point, affecting multiple municipal wells that serve as the primary water source for the city.
The primary contaminants include:
- Vinyl Chloride: A known human carcinogen that can cause liver cancer and other serious health effects
- Arsenic: A toxic element that can cause cancer, cardiovascular disease, and neurological problems
- Other Chlorinated Solvents: Can affect the central nervous system, liver, and kidneys
Community Impact
The contamination has had far-reaching effects on the Kokomo community. Beyond the immediate health concerns, residents have faced uncertainty about their water supply, property values, and long-term health outcomes. The crisis has particularly affected vulnerable populations, including children, elderly residents, and those with pre-existing health conditions.
Government Response
In 2013, the Environmental Protection Agency designated this site as a Superfund location, triggering federal oversight and remediation efforts. The site is currently managed by EPA representatives who coordinate cleanup efforts and community involvement.
EPA Site Contacts
Ongoing Challenges
Despite EPA oversight and remediation efforts, the Kokomo community continues to face significant challenges:
- Long-term health monitoring for affected residents
- Ensuring safe drinking water during the remediation process
- Economic impacts on the community and local businesses
- Environmental justice concerns for affected neighborhoods
Looking Forward
The Kokomo groundwater contamination crisis serves as a stark reminder of the long-term consequences of industrial pollution and the importance of environmental protection. As remediation efforts continue, it is crucial that the community remains engaged and that lessons learned here inform prevention efforts in other communities.
Through "The City of Thirsts" investigation, ONLYINKOKOMO is committed to keeping the community informed about developments in the cleanup process, health resources available to residents, and the ongoing fight for environmental justice in our city.